Angola

Value-added tax (VAT)

The standard VAT rate is 14%, and VAT has a broad tax base.

The following reduced VAT rates are applicable to a specific set of transactions:

• 1% on imports and supplies of goods in the Province of Cabinda.
• 2% for the provision of port services and public water distribution services in the Province of Cabinda.
• 5% applicable to the products listed in Table I and II of the VAT Code (food goods and agricultural inputs).
• 7% on the provision of hotel and restaurant services, provided the real estate and motorised vehicles used within these activities are registered in the name of the company, the taxpayer issues invoices through electronic means, and all tax returns are duly submitted.

The standard regime

Local entities with an annual turnover or an annual volume of import operations higher than AOA 350 million are liable to the standard VAT regime.

Entities operating in the manufacturing industry may be included in the standard VAT regime if in the previous year they had a turnover or import operations exceeding AOA 25 million.

Under this regime, taxpayers:

• Issue invoices, charging VAT in respect of their taxable transactions.
• File a monthly VAT return and pay the balance between output and input VAT; VAT returns are filed up to the last working day of the month following the one in which the operations were carried out.
• Have proper accounting records according to Angolan PGC (Angolan GAAP). 

The simplified regime

The simplified regime applies to taxpayers with an annual turnover or volume of import operations between AOA 25 million and AOA 350 million.

Under this regime, taxpayers:

• Issue invoices, without VAT.
• File a monthly VAT return and pay an amount corresponding to 7% of the amount received in respect of transactions/advance payments that would be liable to VAT if the taxpayer was on the standard VAT regime, plus 7% of VAT self-assessed in relation to services acquired from non-resident entities, less 7% of input VAT.

Taxpayers under the simplified regime may opt to be included in the standard VAT regime if all the following requirements are fulfilled:

• Organised accounting according to Angolan PGC (Angolan GAAP).
• Absence of tax and customs debt.
• Registration duly updated in the system of the General Register of Taxpayers.
• Issuance of invoices/equivalent documents through certified billing software.
• Submission by electronic transmission of data regarding the VAT returns, as well as the elements of its accounts.

When changing from the simplified to the standard VAT regime, the entity is allowed to deduct 90% of the VAT incurred in goods to be sold that have been acquired in the 12 months preceding the change and upon authorisation from the Angola tax authorities.

Exemptions

The following supplies are VAT exempt:

• Pharmaceutical products intended exclusively for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes.
• Provision of educational services by duly recognised establishments.
• Provision of health medical services performed by hospitals, clinics, and the like.
• Transport of sick or injured persons by appropriate authorised bodies in ambulances or vehicles.
• Medical equipment for the exercise of the activity of health establishments.
• Wheelchairs and similar vehicles, typewriters and printers for braille characters, and articles to be used by the blind.
• Books, including in digital form.
• Sale and lease of immovable property.
• Collective transport of passengers.
• Financial intermediation operations, including financial leasing, except for those where a specific and predetermined fee is charged for the service.
• Life and health insurance and reinsurance.
• Petroleum products.

Imported goods intended as gifts for philanthropic purposes or to mitigate the effects of natural disasters, namely droughts, floods, storms, cyclones, earthquakes, pandemics, and others of an identical nature are exempt from VAT, provided that the respective purpose is duly recognised by the General Tax Administration (Administração Geral Tributária or AGT).

Zero-rated VAT

Exports of goods, supplies of goods and service to meet the direct needs of vessels and aircraft engaged in commercial activity, and international transport of passengers are zero rated.

Captivation regime

The state (not including public companies) and oil investing companies are obliged to captivate 100% of the VAT charged by their suppliers. The Angolan National Bank, commercial banks, insurers and reinsurers, and telecommunication operators, duly licensed, captivate 50% of the VAT. The VAT captivated is withheld and reported as output VAT in the VAT returns of the entity that has captivated.

The captivation regime does not apply to the following transactions:

• Supplies of goods made by supermarkets, supplies of hotel and restaurant services, supply of services provided by commercial banks, supply of water and energy, and supply of services where payment is made through ATM.
• Transactions carried out between the National Bank, commercial banks, insurance and reinsurance companies, and telecom operators.

If the invoice is paid and the customer does not captive the VAT, the obligation to pay the VAT is transferred to the supplier.

Customs duties

Customs duties are levied on imports at ad valorem rates varying from 2% to 55%.

The export of goods that are not produced in Angola is subject to customs duties at the rate of 20% plus customs fees (at rate of 0.5%) computed on the customs value, with the exception of goods covered by the Customs Regime Applicable to the Petroleum and Mining Sectors.

The export of nationalised food, medicine, medical equipment, and biosafety goods are subject to customs duties at the rate of 70%, calculated on the customs value.

A special exemption regime applies for the oil industry.

Excise duties 

From 1 October 2019 onwards, excise duty entered into force in Angola. However, the Excise Duties Code was updated in July 2021 by the Law 16/21, of 19 July 2021, in force until now.

All production, imports, and sales by public auction are subject to excise duty, with different rates of 2%,3%, 4%, 5%, 8%, 15%, 19%, 20%, 25%, and 50%, depending on the product.

The Excise Duty Code covers operations with the following products:

• Sugar and alcoholic beverages.
• Tobacco and its derivatives.
• Fireworks.
• Jewellery and goldsmith articles.
• Aircraft and pleasure craft.
• Firearms.
• Art objects, collages, and antiques.
• Petroleum products.
• Vehicles.
• Plastic bags and straws.
• Tires, as specified in the table of Annex I of the Excise Duties Code.

The taxable amount subject to excise duty is as follows:

• For goods produced in the country: The transactional value.
• For imported goods: The customs value.
• For petroleum products: The cost of production.

Producers are required to assess the excise duties when products are made available to buyers/customers and must submit them electronically by the last working day of each month.

The Excise Duties Code also provides for some exemptions, including:

• Goods intended for education or health.
• Goods intended for consumption as provisions for any means of collective transport of passengers with international traffic.
• Products sold on board of collective transport of passengers for international traffic.
• Electric vehicles.

The tax stamp is mandatory, according to the model approved by a specific Diploma, to manufactured beverages, tobacco, and its substitutes, referred to in Annex I of this Law.

The establishments that produce beverages, tobacco, and its manufactured substitutes and petroleum products, referred to in Annexes I and II of this Law, must be equipped with a counting and measuring system for electronic transmission of data to the AGT in an automatic manner of information related to production. 

The counting and measurement systems referred to above must be certified by the AGT, under the terms to be regulated.

Stamp tax

With the implementation of the VAT and Excise Duties Codes, financing operations, leasing, report, insurance, and reinsurance transactions that are subject and not exempted from VAT are exempt from stamp tax. In addition, the VAT Code revoked stamp tax on customs.

Additionally, with the entrance into force of the VAT, the taxable persons covered by the general regime of the VAT are, as a general rule, exempt from 1% stamp tax on receipts.

Stamp tax is payable on a wide variety of transactions and documents, at specific amounts or at a percentage based on value.

If not liable to VAT, the following transactions/documents may be subject to stamp tax:

Property tax

Property tax is levied on the taxable property value of urban and rural property owned, rental income derived from such real estate, and income derived from the sale or transfer of immovable property. 

Leased assets

Property tax is levied on rental income at a 25% nominal rate. However, the tax basis is only 60% of the rental income, as it is presumed that 40% relates to costs. Consequently, the effective property tax rate for rental income is 15%.

The taxation of income from rented properties may not be lower than that which would result from taxing the ownership of the same immovable property if it was not generating rental income.

Assets that are not leased

Property tax is levied as follows for the ownership of assets that are not leased:

Notes

1. For example, an asset registered at AOA 35 million will pay property tax only on AOA 30 million, resulting in property tax payable of AOA 150,000.

Buildings and land for construction that are not effectively being used are subject to aggravated taxation, subject to certain conditions.

Transfer of properties

The property tax rate levied on the transfer of immovable property is 2%.

Exemptions

The following entities are exempt from property tax (among others):

• State and local municipalities.
• Foreign states, when the properties are allocated to the diplomatic representation or consular, provided there is reciprocity.
• Legalised religious institutions, when the property is allocated to religious matters.

Payment

Rents paid by Angolan companies or individuals that carry out a commercial activity are subject to withholding tax (WHT) of 15%. The property tax withheld must be paid to the tax authorities by the end of the following month.

For property not leased, the respective owners must pay the property tax until March of the following year. The payment in six instalments is possible if approved by the tax authorities.

For property tax on the transfer of immovable property, the acquiring party must pay the tax to the tax authorities until the last working day of the month following the transaction/transfer.

Filing requirements

Property Tax Model 1 must be filed by the taxpayers each January, disclosing the rents effectively collected in the previous year and the leasing agreements duly stamped.

Special Levy on Foreign Exchange Operations (Contribuição Especial sobre Operações Cambiais or CEOC)

CEOC is due on transfers related to agreements for the rendering of services, technical assistance, consulting and management, capital operations, and unilateral transactions.

Payments related to health and education expenses are excluded from CEOC as long as they are performed directly to the bank accounts of health and education institutions (conditions apply). Transfers of dividends, reimbursement of borrowed capital, and associated interest are equally excluded from CEOC.

The CEOC applies to natural persons or companies domiciled or headquartered in Angolan territory that request transfers of funds from a financial institution for payments subject to this Special Levy.

The applicable rate is 10% for corporate entities and 2.5% for individuals. It applies to the value of the transferred funds.

Exemptions apply to (i) the state and any of its bodies, establishments, and organisations, except public institutes and companies, and (ii) diamond companies and oil companies.

Financial institutions shall guarantee the assessment and settlement of the CEOC; otherwise, they will incur fines in an amount corresponding to the levy.

Payroll taxes

Personal income tax (PIT)

Resident and non-resident individuals earning income from services directly or indirectly provided to individuals or corporate entities in Angola are subject to monthly taxation (PIT) at rates progressing from 0% to 25%. Angola operates a fairly straightforward pay-as-you-earn (PAYE) system, in which the Angolan employer withholds monthly from each employee's gross compensation the Angolan income tax.

Individuals only deriving employment income are not required to file tax returns, as the PIT is withheld at source by their employer.

The General State Budget (GSB) for the year 2024 amended the PIT Code and established that the taxable income of Group C taxpayers whose turnover, in the financial year 2023, is equal to or less than AOA 10 million, corresponding to the volume of sales of goods and services not subject to WHT, on which the rate of 6.5% will apply.

Regardless of the volume of invoicing, taxpayers in this group who have organised accounting must follow the rules applicable to the calculation of the taxable income of taxpayers under the CIT regime, with the relevant adjustments.

Social security contributions

Social security contributions are due on the gross income of employees at rates of 3% for the employee (8% in case of retired employees) and 8% for the employer.

The contributions are intended to cover family, pension, and unemployment protection.